Braided Hydraulic Hoses Versus Spiral: Which to Use?

04 Nov.,2024

 

Braided Hydraulic Hoses Versus Spiral: Which to Use?

Braided Hydraulic Hose

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Wire braided hydraulic hose incorporates one or two high tensile steel wires which are woven and crossed to overlap each other over a synthetic rubber or elastomeric hose. The wire braiding is performed on machines which wind the wire in a crisscross pattern around the hose. This type of overlapping braiding of the wire allows for flexibility to make tight bends and significantly improves burst resistance. Unlike spiral wound hose, braided hydraulic hoses withstand more tensile stress, allowing it to achieve these tighter bend radiuses.

Braided hose is the most popular hydraulic hose, primarily due to its excellent strength and flexibility. While available in an extensive selection of pressure ratings and sizes, the pressure rating is reduced with increases in inner tube ID. This equates to the hose having a four to one safety factor, with working pressure rated at a quarter of burst pressure.

Spiral Wound Hydraulic Hose

Spiral wound hydraulic hose is more rigid, commonly used in high pressure applications and where there are no significant space limitations that require the hose to be overly flexible. A spiral wound hose comprises of four or six wires depending on the application, helically wrapped and stacked on top of each other, rather than wound like a braided hose. Spiral hose incorporates high-tensile wire which provides the hydraulic hose with exceptional strength, yet it is also very inflexible, with a minimum bend radius. However, a smaller diameter allows for a tighter bend radius.

For instance, a small diameter spiral wound hydraulic hose can operate at PSI with just one layer of spiral, making it inherently flexible. Where a larger diameter hose may require four layers of spiral wire to handle PSI, which will make it very rigid with a highly reduced bend radius, resulting in less routing flexibility.

Spiral hydraulic hose has an extremely high resistance to pressure spikes, which is required for many large diameter, high-pressure applications.

Braided versus Spiral: What to Choose

It really comes down to gains and losses. If the application calls for very high-pressure hose that will experience higher impulses, then a spiral wound hose is the best choice. But you will sacrifice flexibility and make it difficult to build a system in a small space or connect to (devices) that have frequent articulating movement, such as a backhoe or robotic arm. In these applications, braided hose may be the best choice. In fact, according to Tech Briefs: &#;Robotic system designers should choose the right power source for the job. Often, electric motors are chosen without thinking about the benefits of hydraulics or pneumatics. For applications where precise control of large forces and smooth motion are required, or applications that require &#;forgiveness&#; in the motion, fluid power can deliver significant benefits compared to electromechanical motion.&#;

Take the example of using the same hose construction type in a braided hose, and then in a spiral wound hose, where flexibility is reduced as the diameter increases.

  • A ¼ inch ID 1-wire braided hose that&#;s rated for psi has a very flexible bend radius of 1 ½ inches. However, the same hose type that has a 1-inch ID and is rated for psi, has a drastically reduced bend radius of 5 ½ inches.
  • In the case of spiral hose, a ¼ inch ID would be rated for psi and have a minimum bend radius of only 5 inches, compared to the 1 ½ inches for a braided hose. And where the 1-inch ID spiral wound hose would still have a pressure rating of psi, but at 1 inch ID has a minimum bend radius of only 12 inches. It&#;s almost like bending a thick steel pipe. You&#;ll only get so much bend before it cracks. Yet, the spiral hose clearly can withstand much higher pressures and pressure spikes.

Choosing the Wrong Hose Type Can Cause Catastrophic Failure

Selecting the wrong hydraulic hose or improper installation and configuration can cause catastrophic failure. And it can happen almost immediately. If the minimum bend radius exceeded, or 1 or 2 braided hose is used under very high pressure, where a 4 or 6 wire spiral hose was the right choice., this can lead to leaks at the bend or cause the hose to burst. In either case, dangerous fluid can be quickly expelled causing damage to equipment or personnel.

Always check the manufacturer&#;s recommended bend radius and route the hose in a way that does not exceed the recommendation. If the hose bend radius is exceeded while in a suction or vacuum, it will likely become flat in the area of the bend, restricting flow, or even causing the hose to kink. It&#;s like bending a kink in your garden hose, but much worse something has to give.

Conclusion

Braided hoses are used in low to medium, less intensive pressure applications such as engines, hydraulic lifts and return lines. Spiral hoses are best for higher pressures and frequent pressure surges such as in hydrostatic drives, large off-road earth moving dump trucks or mining excavators. Simply put, braided hoses are ideal for high pressures requiring tight bend radius, where spiral hoses are best for extremely high pressure, high impulse applications.

 

Sources Include:

China's Four Wire Spiral Hydraulic Hose for Enhanced Performance ...

Understanding the China Four Wire Spiral Hydraulic Hose

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Hydraulic hoses play a critical role in the functioning of hydraulic systems, which are widely used across various industries including construction, agriculture, and manufacturing. Among the many types of hydraulic hoses available, the four wire spiral hydraulic hose stands out due to its robustness and durability. This article explores what a four wire spiral hydraulic hose is, its construction, applications, benefits, and selection considerations, focusing specifically on the products manufactured in China.


What is a Four Wire Spiral Hydraulic Hose?


A four wire spiral hydraulic hose is a type of high-pressure hydraulic hose designed to withstand significant pressure and provide enhanced flexibility. Its construction involves four layers of wire spirals embedded in the hose wall, which provides strength and resistance against abrasion, crushing, and other external impacts. This type of hose is particularly suitable for hydraulic applications that require high pressure and large fluid flow.


Construction of the Hose


The four wire spiral hydraulic hose consists of three main components


1. Inner Tube This is typically made from synthetic rubber and is responsible for carrying the hydraulic fluid. The material used must be compatible with various hydraulic fluids and resistant to wear under high pressure.


2. Reinforcement Layers The defining feature of this hose is its four layers of steel wire spirals that provide strength and raise the maximum pressure rating. These steel wires are helically wound around the inner tube and are essential for withstanding the dynamic performance required in hydraulic applications.


3. Outer Cover Usually made from synthetic rubber and reinforced with additional materials, the outer layer protects against external elements like weather, oil, and abrasions.


Applications


china four wire spiral hydraulic hose


Four wire spiral hydraulic hoses are used in various harsh environments and demanding applications. They are commonly found in


- Construction Equipment Used in excavators, bulldozers, and cranes for powering hydraulic cylinders and motors. - Mining Operations Essential for hydraulic systems in heavy machinery used for drilling, excavating, and transporting materials. - Agricultural Machinery Employed in tractors and harvesters for efficient hydraulic system functioning. - Marine Applications Utilized in hydraulic systems on vessels to enhance performance and reliability.


Benefits


Choosing a four wire spiral hydraulic hose offers several advantages


- High Pressure Resistance Designed to handle extremely high pressures, often exceeding psi, making them ideal for heavy-duty applications. - Durability and Longevity With four layers of steel reinforcement, these hoses are resistant to wear, abrasion, and crushing, ensuring long service life. - Flexibility Offers excellent flexibility, which is crucial in applications where movement and bending are required. - Safety The robust construction and high-pressure ratings reduce the risk of hose failure, which enhances safety during operation.


Selecting the Right Hose


When selecting a four wire spiral hydraulic hose, several factors should be considered


- Pressure Rating Ensure the hose can withstand the maximum pressure of your hydraulic system. - Temperature Range The selected hose must be suitable for the temperature conditions in which it will operate. - Fluid Compatibility Ensure that the materials of the hose are compatible with the hydraulic fluids being used. - Length and Diameter Proper sizing is crucial for effective hydraulic operation and ensuring optimal flow rates.


Conclusion


Four wire spiral hydraulic hoses are essential components in hydraulic systems that require high strength and flexibility. Manufactured in China, these hoses offer various advantages that make them suitable for a myriad of industrial applications. When selecting a hydraulic hose, understanding its construction and the requirements of your specific application is crucial. Thus, ensuring safety, efficiency, and performance in hydraulic operations.