Electrodes can be made from any conductive material. Depending on the nature of the application, electrodes are typically from graphite. Noble metals like gold, silver or platinum can be used but are very expensive. Copper, titanium and brass are other options, but they are also costly.
Graphite is used as an electrode material because it is a good conductor of electricity, is chemically stable, and can withstand high temperatures. It also has a low reactivity and thermal expansion coefficient, making it suitable for electrode use in electrochemical cells.
Graphite&#;s unique structure, with layers of carbon atoms arranged in hexagonal, allows the electrons to move freely, making it a good conductor of electricity and useful as an electrode material.
In graphite, the carbon atoms are arranged in layers, retaining their structure through covalent bonds. A significant feature of graphite&#;s structure is the number of delocalized electrons present. Graphite requires only three of its outer energy electrons to bond, leaving the fourth free to act in a delocalized manner. Delocalized electrons are not readily associated with a particular atom and move freely. These electrons enable graphite to exhibit a high level of conductivity, explaining why the material is frequently used for electrodes.
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Check out MWI&#;s EDM Graphite Product Guide that contains information for our Electro-Carb &#;EC&#; family of graphite electrode materials. Graphite grades include EC-4, EC-12, EC-14, EC-15, EC-15C. EC-16, EC-17, HK-6, and HK-6C.
VIEW OUR GRAPHITE SELECTION GUIDEIf you have enough time, you want a low price educational product, or you need a few other science supplies as well, you may order carbon rods online at MiniScience.com, ScienceKitStore.com, or ChemicalStore.com. All you need is a credit card and a good shipping address.
If you don&#;t have much time, you need the product fast and you are not concerned about the price and traveling, then you may be able to source similar carbon rods at your local welding suppliers or hardware stores.
These carbon rods are also used in making alkaline batteries. They form the positive pole of each battery and are located in the center of AA, C and D cell batteries. Some people brake down a used battery and pull out the carbon rod, but doing that requires proper tools and protective clothing. Carbon rods can brake while removing them.
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