Tundish definition:
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The tundish is a refractory suppliers container, which first receives the molten steel poured from the ladle and is then distributed by the tundish outlet to each mold.
Tundish effect
(1) to reduce the static pressure of molten steel to maintain the stability of the tundish molten steel surface, the smooth injection of molten steel into the mold;
(2) to promote the inclusions in the molten steel to further float to clean the molten steel;
(3) diversion of molten steel. For multi-stream caster, the molten steel is distributed to each mold through the tundish.
(4) storage of molten steel. In the multi-furnace even after the replacement of ladle without reducing the speed, for the furnace to create conditions for continuous casting.
It can be seen that the role of tundish is mainly decompression, steady flow, to inclusions, storage and> "shunt molten steel.
Tundish lining refractory composition
Generally include the following:
(1) insulation layer (10 ~ 30mm), the layer next to the tundish steel shell, usually using asbestos board, insulation refractory brick or light castable. The best effect for the aluminum silicate fiber mat, thermal conductivity is low, but also easy to masonry.
(2) permanent layer (100 ~ 200mm), the layer and the insulation layer in contact with the material is generally clay brick. The overall permanent lining is the most common, castable materials are generally high-alumina or mullite gravity castable.
(3) working layer (20 ~ 50mm), the layer in contact with molten steel, is the key parts. Widely used insulation boards or coatings. Insulation board is generally siliceous, magnesia, forsterite; coating for the magnesia, magnesia chrome, magnesium calcium. Coatings are mechanically sprayed or hand-painted.
(4) Block bricks, mosaic in the middle of the middle package, the installation of tundish outlet, the material is usually high aluminum.
(5) at the end of the package, the material is basically the same with the working layer, the middle of the package at the end of the working layer by the impact of molten steel parts easily damaged, requiring anti-erosion wear, generally with high alumina brick or dense high alumina brick and aluminum Chrome bricks, also with specially made large pieces of high strength tar grit. The impact of steel parts with zircon brick or prefabricated block enhanced.
(6) cover covered in the tundish, can be insulated and molten steel splash and other effects, the material used clay or high-alumina castable for cover.
(7) Slag wall (weir), the wall in the tundish, can be a single wall, it can be double walls. Slag wall weir material, usually high alumina refractory bricks, can also be made of prefabricated blocks, the purpose is to block the. In order to improve the cleanliness of molten steel, in the slag wall can also be set on the molten steel filter.
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Refractories play a pivotal role in the everyday operations of almost all types of industries that deal in manufacturing. Each manufacturing process that is heat-intensive calls for these essential ceramic materials. Some of the most important industry verticals today including the Iron & Steel Industry, Aluminium Industry, Glass Industry, Power Generation Industry, Refineries, Petrochemicals & Chemicals industry, and Cement Industry cannot even imagine surviving without refractory products
ladle refractory products.
In a nutshell, whether the road that we use every day, the medical tools and equipment that we need, the ambulance that we use to carry patients during urgencies, the wastes that we need to dispose of, or the medicines that we consume when ill, all are possible just because of refractories manufactured and supplied by the leading producers of
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Refractory products are materials that can combat decomposition caused by extreme heat, any severe chemical attack, and even pressure of any type. The products are capable of retaining their strength, original shape, and form even when they are exposed to extremely high temperatures. Refractories are:
As per the definition given by the ASTM C71, refractories are non-metallic materials containing all those special chemical and physical attributes that make them ideally suitable for applications wherein the environments are exposed to more than 1,000 °F (811 K; 538 °C) temperatures. Refractory products find applications in the following:
They are also utilized to create different types of crucibles and molds for the casting of glass and different other metals. Refractories are also used for surfacing flame deflector systems that are a crucial part of rocket launch structures. The metal casting industry is the major consumer of around 70% of refractories produced.
Based on the melting point, refractory products are classified into three types:
1.
Normal refractories that have a melting point of &#; °C (e.g. Fire clay)
2.
High refractories that have a melting point of &#; °C (e.g. Chromite)
3.
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Be it manufacturing or applications, all types of refractories are generally non-toxic and can be easily recycled after long-term use. This way, they encourage sustainable applications including reuse as a refractory product again, as nutrients for the agriculture industry, as processing aids across industries, and as building materials.
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