Sillimanite

Nesosilicate mineral

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Phase diagram of AlSiO aluminosilicates ).

Sillimanite or fibrolite is an aluminosilicate mineral with the chemical formula Al2SiO5. Sillimanite is named after the American chemist Benjamin Silliman (1779–1864). It was first described in 1824 for an occurrence in Chester, Connecticut.[4]

Occurrence

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Sillimanite or fibrolite is one of three aluminosilicate polymorphs, the other two being andalusite and kyanite. A common variety of sillimanite is known as fibrolite, so named because the mineral appears like a bunch of fibres twisted together when viewed in thin section or even by the naked eye. Both the fibrous and traditional forms of sillimanite are common in metamorphosed sedimentary rocks. It is an index mineral indicating high temperature but variable pressure. Example rocks include gneiss and granulite. It occurs with andalusite, kyanite, potassium feldspar, almandine, cordierite, biotite and quartz in schist, gneiss, hornfels and also rarely in pegmatites.[3] Dumortierite and mullite are similar mineral species found in porcelain.[7]

Sillimanite has been found in Brandywine Springs, New Castle County, Delaware. It was named by the State Legislature in 1977 as the state mineral of Delaware by the suggestion of the Delaware Mineralogical Society.[8]

Uses

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Natural sillimanite is used in the manufacture of high alumina refractories or 55–60% alumina bricks. However, it has mostly been replaced by the other aluminosilicate polymorphs, andalusite and kyanite, for this purpose.[9] As of 1998 , sillimanite was just 2% of all aluminosilicate mineral production in the western world.[10]

Gallery

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See also

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References

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Being one of the major Manufacturers and Exporters in Udaipur, the company offers the finest grade Sillimanite Powder. Sillimanite is one of the three allotropic varieties of mineral corresponding to the formula Al2O3. SiO2. The other two are anadalusite and kyanite. They all contain 63.2% Al2O3 and 36.8% SiO2. They are distinguished from one another by their modes of occurrence and physical and optical properties.

Industrial Applications :

Appreciable quantity of Sillimanite Powder mixed with high-grade china-clay is used in the manufacture of spark plugs and other insulating materials required at high voltages. Further, the Sillimanite Powder also find its usage in industries like cement, ceramics, glass-making, metal smelting, refinery and treatment, tar distillation, coal carbonization, chemicals manufacture, and iron foundries. Resistant to glass slag, the Sillimanite Powder provided by us is used as lining material in glass melting furnace.

Availability : 50 kg and 25 kg bags

Physical Characteristics :

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• Color is white, brown and green.
• Luster is silky when fibrous or vitreous otherwise.
• Transparency crystals are transparent to translucent.
• Crystal System is Orthorhombic; 2 / m2 / m2 / m
• Crystal Habits include rare prismatic crystals but mostly fibrous masses.
• Cleavage is good in one direction lengthwise.
• Fracture is splintery.
• Hardness is 7.5 in large crystals but more fibrous forms are softer.
• Specific Gravity is approximately 3.2+ (above average)
• Streak is white.
• Associated Minerals are garnets, biotite, feldspars, quartz, kyanite and andalusite.
• Other Characteristics : fibers are brittle distinguishing them from asbestos minerals.
• Notable Occurrences include Brazil, New England area and many European sites.
• Best Field Indicators are crystal habit, color, brittleness and hardness if not fibrous.