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Gabion baskets are widely used for slope protection, retaining walls, channel linings, noise barriers, etc. As the application scope continues to expand, the types of gabion basket derivatives are also quietly changing. Derivatives like gabion boxes and gabion mattresses emerge on the market. Gabion basket moves quickly towards a more specialized and refined direction. When purchasing gabion baskets, we are required to choose appropriate high-quality gabion baskets according to the characteristics of our project, so that we can get the maximum return with the minimum investment. So what factors should be considered in the purchase of gabion baskets?
Application
Generally, we have both double twisted gabion baskets and welded gabion baskets, which are produced by different production processes and are applied to different situations. Here we list their common applications. You can choose the right gabion basket according to your specific application.
Double twisted gabion basket refers to a rectangular box with double-twisted or triple-twisted hexagonal mesh fabric made of galvanized wire, PVC wire, or Galfan wire. It has been successfully used in a variety of applications including retaining walls, river banks, slope protection, channel linings, dams and culverts, etc.
Double twisted gabion baskets for retaining wall
Double twisted gabion baskets for river banks
Double twisted gabion baskets for slope protection
Made of galvanized steel wire or Galfan wire, welded gabion basket generally has a solid structure, a durable service life and provides higher strength. It is commonly used in engineering constructions and architectural decorations like garden landscaping, trapezoidal gabion walls, interior decorations, gabion fireplaces and building facades.
Welded gabion for garden landscaping
Welded gabions for trapezoidal wall
Welded gabions for interior fireplace
Material
Gabion baskets are generally made of galvanized steel wire, Galfan steel wire and PVC coated wire. These materials have their own unique advantages; you can choose the right material according to their characteristics.
Material Description Galvanized steel wire High-quality galvanized low-carbon steel wire with a tensile strength of not less than 380 MPa. Hot-dip galvanizing is employed for surface protection. The thickness of the galvanized protective layer is manufactured according to customer requirements. The maximum galvanized amount is up to 300 g/m2. Galvanized steel wire is one of the most commonly used materials today. PVC coated wire Steel wires with a PVC or PE coating on the surface. Gabion baskets made of PVC coated wire can greatly increase the protection in the high pollution environments. In addition, there are various colors for your option to match with the surrounding environment. Galfan wire The composition of Galfan wire is 5% aluminum-zinc alloy or 10% aluminum-zinc alloy. When corrosion occurs, it will form an oxide layer; therefore, it provides excellent anti-corrosion and anti-wear performances. It remains staying in good condition even in the harshest environments. Besides, Galfan wire enjoys the longest service life, which is twice as long as that of galvanized steel wire.Structure
In addition to gabion boxes, we also have a similar product &#; gabion mattress . Similar like gabion boxes, gabion mattresses are divided into double twisted gabion mattresses and welded gabion mattresses, which are widely used in hillsides, river linings, bridge protection and river bank erosion applications.
Its main difference from gabion boxes is that the gabion mattress is relatively lower in height. Generally, it is 0.15 m, 0.17 m, 0.23 m, 0.3 m, and 0.5 m in height and presents a flat structure, which offers more stability. The gabion box is generally 1 m in height. You can choose corresponding products according to your application. For example, you can choose gabion mattresses for river bank slope protection as its flat structure provides more stability; you can choose gabion boxes for river bank elevation & reinforcement due to its height.
Gabion mattress for slope protection
Gabion mattress for channel linings
Size
You can choose the opening size according to the size of stones to be filled in gabion baskets.
Double twisted gabion basket: 60 mm × 80 mm, 80 mm × 100 mm and other customized sizes.
gabion basket: 76.2 mm × 76.2 mm and other customized sizes.
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We need to determine the length, width, and height of the gabion basket according to its actual application scene.
Standard sizes: 3 × 1 × 1 m, 2 × 1 × 1 m, 1 × 1 ×1 m and other customized sizes.
Gabion baskets have become a popular choice for home and landscape projects needing sturdy retaining walls, drainage solutions, or decorative garden features. This guide will walk you through how to calculate the gabion stone fill you&#;ll need based on the basket dimensions. We&#;ll also cover stone types, sourcing, costs and proper filling techniques.
Gabion baskets are wire cages made from welded steel wire mesh that can be filled with rocks to create gabion walls, retaining walls, garden beds and more. The cages come in varying sizes and mesh thicknesses, such as 3mm or 4mm gabion wire on our site, and they are all galfan coated for durability.
Once filled tightly with hard, durable rocks, the stone cages stack together like building blocks, interlocking to form strong, long-lasting structures. The wired walls help contain the rocks while still allowing drainage.
The amount of stone you'll need to fill a gabion basket depends on its dimensions and the type of stone you choose. Follow these steps to calculate the required volume of gabion stone:
Before calculating the stone volume or weight, measure your gabion basket's dimensions in meters. The basket's size determines the amount of stone needed.
Multiply the length, width, and height of your gabion basket to find its volume in cubic meters. For instance, a 2m x 1m x 0.5m gabion basket equals 1 cubic meter in volume.
Use the following formula to estimate the stone volume required:
stone_volume = gabion_volume (1 - (stone_size / ) * 3)
For a 1 cubic meter gabion basket with 100-200mm stones, the stone volume is approximately 0.999 cubic meters. Here is a table of the amount of stone you will need for different gabion basket volumes and stone sizes:
Gabion Basket Volume (m³) Stone Size (mm) Stone Volume (m³) 1 100-200 0.999 2 100-200 1.998 3 100-200 2.997 1 200-300 0.96 2 200-300 1.92 3 200-300 2.88To calculate the amount of gabion stone in tonnes, You'll need to know the bulk density of the specific stone you're using. Bulk density, sometimes referred to as unit weight, represents the mass of a substance (in this case, stone) per unit volume (typically measured in kilograms per cubic meter or metric tonnes per cubic meter).
Bulk density is usually measured in kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m³) or metric tonnes per cubic meter (t/m³). Check with your stone supplier for this information. For example, if the bulk density of your chosen stone is 1.6 t/m³:
stone_tonnes = stone_volume * unit_weight_of_stone
Additional Tips
Construction-grade aggregates and quarry stones work well for filling gabion baskets. Avoid very fine materials like gravel or pebbles that can be pushed out. Ideally, the rock should be hard, dense, and weather-resistant. Granite, basalt, and limestone are good options.
A general rule of thumb is to select stones that are a bigger size than the mesh opening. This ensures that the stones can't slip through the mesh easily. For example, if your mesh size is 76mm x 76mm, aim for stones sized 100-200mm.
Consider the shape of the stones as well. Irregularly shaped stones with flat sides tend to interlock better and provide stability. Avoid very round stones that may not stack well. Gabion fill doesn&#;t need to be decorative or uniform in colour. It just needs to be durable, sized properly and resist shifting once packed into the baskets.
Check with local quarries or landscape/masonry supply shops to source gabion-grade fill stone in bulk cubic meters at the lowest costs. For small DIY cages, some nurseries may sell bags by weight. Calculate delivery fees into your project budget or opt to pick up the stone yourself to save costs.
If harvesting rock on your property, test it to ensure it&#;s hard, non-porous, and weather-resistant. Avoid any soft, crumbling, or flaky rock.
When filling gabion baskets, tightly pack the rock so the structure remains stable:
Follow the measuring, ordering and packing steps to create durable gabion baskets that stand the test of time. Pack the stones in tight layers to create a robust, interlocking system within the baskets. Our step-by-step installation guide walks you through constructing sturdy gabion wire cages. The effort spent on correct filling results in quality, long-lasting gabion projects. Once your baskets are filled, check out our guide on building gabion retaining walls.