Advantages and problems of ruthenium iridium titanium anode

Advantages and problems of ruthenium iridium titanium anode

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Titanium anode has excellent electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance, and its service life is much longer than that of lead anode. It can work stably for more than hours and has low cost. It will be an inevitable trend in the development of electro-galvanized and tin production at home and abroad. Titanium electrodes are currently used in Japan, the United States, Germany, and China, which not only greatly saves electroplating energy consumption, but also creates conditions for the production of thick galvanized and tin steel plates because it can increase the electroplating current density.

Titanium anode classification:

1. It is distinguished according to the gas evolved in the anode during the electrochemical reaction. The chlorine evolution anode is called the chlorine evolution anode, such as ruthenium-coated titanium electrode: the oxygen evolution anode is called the oxygen evolution anode, such as iridium-coated titanium electrode and platinum titanium mesh. /board. Chlorine evolution anode (ruthenium-coated titanium electrode): The electrolyte contains a high content of chloride ions, generally in the environment of hydrochloric acid, electrolysis of sea water and salt water. Corresponding products of our company are ruthenium iridium titanium anode, ruthenium iridium tin titanium anode.

2. Oxygen evolution anode (iridium-coated titanium electrode): The electrolyte is generally a sulfuric acid environment. The corresponding products of our company are iridium tantalum anode, iridium tantalum tin titanium anode, and high iridium titanium anode.

3. Platinum-coated anode: Titanium is the base material. The surface is coated with platinum, the thickness of the coating is generally 0.5-5μm, and the size of the platinum and titanium mesh is generally 12.5×4.5mm or 6×3.5mm.

Ruthenium, iridium, titanium anode has a certain working life during the electrolysis process. When the voltage rises very high and there is actually no current through, the ruthenium-iridium-titanium anode loses its function. This phenomenon is called anode passivation.
There are several reasons for the passivation of ruthenium iridium titanium anode:

A. The coating peels off

The titanium ruthenium iridium titanium anode is composed of a titanium substrate and a ruthenium iridium titanium active coating. The electrochemical reaction is only the ruthenium iridium titanium active coating. If the coating and the substrate are not firmly bonded, they will fall off the titanium plate substrate and fall off. To a certain extent, the titanium ruthenium iridium titanium anode is useless. (Divided into crushed peeling, belly-shaped layer peeling and cracked peeling)

B. RuO2 dissolved

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Reduce the generation of oxygen, which can slow down the formation of oxide film. When the total current density of electrolysis increases, the increase in the rate of chlorine generation is much greater than the increase in the rate of oxygen generation, so the increase in current density is conducive to the decrease of the oxygen content in chlorine. The titanium substrate is pre-oxidized to form a layer of oxide film, which can increase the binding force of the active coating of ruthenium, iridium, titanium and the titanium substrate, make the coating firm, prevent ruthenium from falling off and dissolving, but also cause ruthenium, iridium, titanium Increase in anode ohmic drop.

c. Oxide saturation

The active coating is composed of non-stoichiometric RuO2- and TiO2, which is an oxygen-deficient oxide. The non-stoichiometric oxide is the real active center of chlorine discharge. The more such oxides, the more active centers, and the better the activity of the ruthenium, iridium, titanium anode. The conductivity of ruthenium-iridium-titanium-coated anodes is the performance of distorted n-type mixed crystals generated from isomorphic RuO2 and TiO2 after heat treatment. There are some oxygen vacancies. When these oxygen vacancies are filled with oxygen, the The potential rises rapidly, causing passivation.

D. There are cracks in the coating

During electrolysis, new ecological oxygen is generated on the ruthenium-iridium-titanium anode, part of which discharges at the interface between the active coating and the electrolyte, and then leaves the anode surface to generate oxygen into the solution; due to cracks in the active coating, the other part of the oxygen is adsorbed on the anode On the surface, through the active coating through diffusion or migration, it reaches the interface between the coating and the titanium substrate, and then oxygen is chemically adsorbed on the surface of the titanium substrate, forming a non-conductive oxide film (TiO2) with the titanium, resulting in reverse resistance Or the electrolyte penetrates through the cracks of the coating, the titanium substrate is slowly oxidized, and the interface with the active coating of ruthenium, iridium, titanium is corroded and the active coating of ruthenium, iridium, titanium falls off, resulting in an increase in the potential of the ruthenium iridium titanium anode. The increase in potential further promotes the dissolution of the coating and the oxidation of the titanium substrate.

Mixed Metal Oxide (MMO) anodes have gained significant traction in various industrial applications due to their unique properties and performance advantages. Like any technology, they come with their set of benefits and limitations. This article aims to shed light on the pros and cons of MMO anodes and provide guidance on selecting the right one for your project.

Pros of MMO Anodes

1. Durability & Longevity: MMO anodes are designed for the long haul, reducing frequent replacements.
2. High Current Capacity: Efficiently handle high current outputs, suitable for diverse applications.
3. Corrosion Resistance: Their unique composition offers excellent resistance, especially in challenging environments.
4. Low Overpotential: This leads to energy savings in electrolytic processes.
5. Flexibility in Design: Available in various shapes and sizes, catering to diverse needs.
6. Environmentally Friendly: They operate without releasing harmful pollutants or heavy metals.

Cons of MMO Anodes

1. Initial Cost: Higher upfront cost than some alternatives, but often justified over their lifecycle.
2. Requires Expert Installation: Proper installation is vital for optimal performance.
3. Sensitivity to Current Density: They can be sensitive to current density fluctuations.
4. Potential for Passivation: There&#;s a risk of the anode surface becoming passive in some conditions.

Selecting the Right MMO Anode for Your Project

Choosing the right MMO anode is pivotal for optimal results:

Table of Contents

1. Determine the Application: Identify if it&#;s for cathodic protection, electrochlorination, or another specific use.
2. Assess the Environment: Consider factors like pH, temperature, and potential contaminants.
3. Evaluate Current Density: Align with your project&#;s specific current density needs.
4. Consider Physical Dimensions: Depending on the area and design, select the appropriate shape and size.
5. Check for Certifications: Ensure the anode meets relevant industry standards.
6. Set a Budget: Consider the total lifecycle cost, not just the initial purchase price.
7. Consult with Experts: When in doubt, seek advice from professionals in the field.
8. Review Past Projects: Case studies can offer invaluable insights into potential performance.

Introducing Hele Titanium

When discussing MMO anodes, it&#;s essential to mention HELE Titanium. As a professional supplier in the MMO anode domain, HELE Titanium stands out with its commitment to quality, extensive product range, and dedicated customer service. They have carved a niche for themselves in the industry, ensuring that clients receive top-tier products tailored to their unique requirements.

Conclusion

MMO anodes offer a plethora of benefits, making them a preferred choice for many applications. However, it&#;s essential to be aware of their limitations and ensure that the selected anode aligns perfectly with your project&#;s requirements. Partnering with trusted suppliers like HELE Titanium can further enhance the success of your endeavors, striking the right balance between cost, quality, and performance.

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