Pipe flanges can be made from carbon steel, stainless steel, and alloy steel. The material of the pipe flange is critical because it must be compatible with the fluid being conveyed. The same applies to the temperature and the environment in which it will be used.
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Selecting the right size for pipe flanges guarantees an ideal fit and prevents leaks. To achieve this, match the inside diameter to the pipes it connects.
The pressure rating indicates the maximum pressure the flange can sustain without failing. Therefore, selecting a flange with a pressure rating corresponding to the fluid&#;s pressure is critical.
The face type determines how the flange will seal with the gasket. Pipe flanges come in different face types, including flat face, raised face, and ring-type joint. The flat face flange is suitable for low-pressure applications, while the raised face flange is suitable for high-pressure applications. The ring-type joint flange is used in extremely high-pressure applications.
The connection type of the flange must match the connection type of the equipment it will be used to connect. The most common connection types include the following:
Slip-On Flange
Slip-on flanges are a type of flange that is slid over the end of a pipe and then welded in place. They are commonly used in low-pressure applications.
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Weld-Neck Flange
This flange has a long, tapered hub welded to the pipe to reduce stress at the base of the flange. It is commonly used in high-pressure applications.
Blind Flange
Blind flanges are a type of flange that is used to seal off the end of a piping system. They have no opening and block the flow of fluid.
Lap Joint Flange
Lap joint flanges are used in systems where frequent dismantling is required. They consist of a flat face with a radius edge that fits against a matching flange and is held in place with bolts.
Threaded Flange
This flange has internal threads that allow it to be screwed onto the end of a pipe.
Socket Weld Flange
Socket weld flanges fit around the pipe and are welded in place using a fillet weld. They are commonly used in small-bore piping systems.
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