| Updated on 12 Mar,
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Piping designers play a critical role in building and designing piping systems so that they are capable of carrying out liquids, semi-liquids, and gases. Piping is used for various residential, commercial, industrial and transportation purposes. It is used in various industries such as Oil & gas, petrochemical, off-shore, energy, chemical, EPC, pharmaceutical, cement, and fertilizer. A career in piping can be pursued by professionals having a diploma, bachelor or master's degree in mechanical, chemical or production engineering. Renowned companies such as Samsung engineering, Bechtel, Toshiba, Siemens, L&T, Jacobs, Reliance, and Essar are regularly in search of professionals who have the skills and knowledge related to piping. Piping designing professionals can expect a salary of $105,670 per year. If you are a piping professional looking for a job, here are the Best 10 interview question and answers you must go through:
Question: What are the functions of a valve and how is it selected?
Answer: A valve helps in isolation, regulation, non-return and other special purposes. It can be selected based on what is to be handled (liquid, fluid, gas or powder), nature, construction material, disc type, how to operate, stem type, delivery time, cost and warranty.
Question: Tell me about any 3 types of valves.
Answer: The 3 types of valves commonly used are:
Question: What materials are used for the construction of valves?
Answer: Valves can be constructed using bronze, gunmetal, cast iron, carbon steel, alloy carbon steel, stainless steel, polypropylene and other plastics and special alloys.
Question: What is trim composed of?
Answer: Trim is composed of seat surfaces, stem, back seat bushing and small internal parts that contact surface fluid.
Question: What is wire drawing?
Answer: The premature erosion of the valve seat due to excessive velocity between seat disc and seat when the valve is not closed tightly is called Wire Drawing.
Question: Differentiate Asme B 31.1 and Asme B 31.3.
Answer: The difference between Asme B 31.1 and Asme B 31.3 are as follows:
ASME B 31.1
ASME B 31.3
Includes torsion while calculating sustained stresses
Neglects torsion while calculating sustained stresses
Specific sustained stress calculation
Undefined sustained stress calculation
Intensifies torsion
Does not intensify torsion
Moreover, material allowable stresses and stress increasing due to occasional loads in each of the codes are different.
Question: What are the important parameters of a Spring Datasheet?
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Answer: The major parameter that must be addressed while making a spring datasheet are cold load/installed load, spring TAG, vertical and horizontal movement, piping material, piping design temperature, insulation thickness, hydro-test loader, line number etc.
Question: How do you calculate the height of a variable spring hanger?
Answer: The height of a variable spring hanger can be determined by selecting the height from vendor catalogue based on stiffness class and spring size. The height is mentioned in case of base mounted variable spring hanger.
Question: If a proper spring hanger is not made program defined, can you select it? How?
Answer: If a proper spring hanger is not made program defined, it can be selected using the following steps:
Step 1: Decide the location where you want to install it in your system.
Step 2: Remove supports that are not taking the load in thermal operating case.
Step 3: Run Program. Sustained load on the support node is a hot load and the thermal movement in the location is a thermal movement of spring.
Step 4: While assuming variability of spring, calculate
Spring constant = (Hot load x variability) ÷ displacement
Step 5: Enter any vendor catalog with spring constant and hot load to select spring inside the travel range.
Question: What is Variability? What is its industry-approved limit?
Answer: The variability can be determined using the formula below:
Variability = (Hot Load-Cold load) ÷ Hot load
= (Spring Constant x displacement) ÷ Hot load
25% is the limit for variability for variable spring.
The knowledge of answering interview questions of piping can only be obtained after having skills related to the technology. You can learn to pipe anytime and anywhere with the help of the Piping online training course offered by Multisoft Virtual Academy. To read more about the course and to join it, click here. You may visit our website www.multisoftvirtualacademy.com to have a look at 600+ online courses we offer to professionals and corporate companies.
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Writer, poet, and artist Bhumika Gupta has been awarded a National Certificate for her writings and is working as a Senior Content Writer at Multisoft. She is keenly interested in the training sector and has been passionately writing about corporate training courses for many years.
People around the world use pipe supports and restraints; in fact they spend somewhere in the region of £150million on &#;engineered supports&#; each year.
The majority of pipes that we support and restrain are actually long thin pressure vessels operating at high pressures and temperatures, and occasionally at very low temperatures. In general they connect one large piece of equipment to another and facilitate the flow of fluid between the various processes. In some cases we supply supports for pipes that operate at temperatures as high as 850°C and diameters large enough to walk through.
During the operating cycle of the plant there is inevitably a change in temperature; when the plant is not working it is at ambient temperature and when it works it operates at a different temperature. Even changes in temperature between day and night can have significant effects.
Almost all materials expand or contract as their temperature is increased or decreased. A pipe that carries steam from a boiler to a turbine heats up from room temperature to 570°C between not working and working. This change in temperature will cause the pipe to expand by approximately 7.5mm/m, though the change is most prominent in the length of the pipe rather than in its diameter.
Imagine if the pipe could not expand or contract freely, the force generated in preventing the expansion to take place will cause substantial damage to either the pipe or the equipment at each end of it!
Consider the pipe work in a power station and liken it to your own central heating system; fluid is pumped around a closed system. In the boiler water is heated under pressure allowing its temperature to be increased to over five times the normal boiling temperature of water. An escape of steam under these conditions would simply cut a man in half.
This steam passes through the pipe work into the turbine where the pressure drives the turbine and generates the electricity. Inside the turbine the pressure is reduced and the temperature of the steam decreases. It is then sent back to the boiler where it is heated up again and so the cycle continues. The greater the demand on the power station, the higher the operating pressure and temperature will be.
The analogy with the central heating system; when your heating comes on or goes off you hear all sorts of creeks and bumps as the system heats-up or cools-down. That is simply because the piping is expanding and contracting between fixed points; the noises are due to the pipe moving against the joists and floor-boards of your house.
On a large, coal fired power station such as Drax in Yorkshire the boiler may be as tall as a ten storey building and the turbine will be perhaps 500m away from the boiler. The length of pipe could quite easily be 1km between the two. When you consider the amount of the expansion mentioned above, the whole pipe will grow in length by 7.5m.
Peel away the insulation around the pipe when it is hot and you will actually see the pipe glowing a dull cherry red &#; at this temperature the metal from which the pipe is made becomes like plasticine. If it is not supported correctly it will sag and deform; this will cause problems to the subsequent operation of the plant. Drainage slopes will become disturbed, excessive forces will be transferred to the boiler and turbine connections and eventually the power station will not be able to operate.
An example of what can go wrong under such situations occurred at Money Point power station in Ireland some years ago. Steam was released into pipe work where a pool of water had gathered; the pressure of the steam forced the water through the pipe causing severe damage to the pipe, the supports and even the building structure. A very costly repair followed!
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